5.jpg
 
 
MT. MRZLI VRH – outdoor museum
Austro-Hungarian and Italian first lines of defence

Access: To the outdoor museum at Mt. Mrzli vrh possible from two sides: a macadam road leads from the village of Zatolmin towards the alp of Pretovč (a 2-hour walk); access from the west possible from the village of Krn. The path from Krn village coincides with the European trekking path E7 and gradually rises to the alp of Pretovč (an 1,5-hour walk). From there it crosses the pasture above the cheese dairy up to the erosion indentations, where the path turns left and soon reaches the rock faces on the northeast slope of Mt. Mrzli vrh into which the Austro-Hungarian soldiers hollowed out spacious caves. An arranged rest site lies in front of them. The path to the top leads left, past the caves; a cross stands on the top. It takes about 40 minutes to reach the top from the alp of Pretovč. Because the tour to Mt. Mrzli vrh takes several hours of walking it should be planned very carefully.

Altitude : Zatolmin 258 m
The village of Krn 840 m
The alp of Pretovč 1124 m
Mt. Mrzli vrh 1359 m

Time required for visit: 2 hours (from the alp of Pretovč)
5 hours (from the village of Krn)
  6 hours (from the village of Zatolmin)

Historical outline: On the left bank of the Soča/Isonzo, a short distance before Tolmin, the steep slope of Mt. Mrzli vrh (1359 m) rises mightily above the valley. During the First World War Mt. Mrzli vrh was the key post of the Austro-Hungarian defence of the Tolmin bridgehead. It was the bloodiest battlefield in the Upper Soča region. Although the Italian troops occupied Kobarid already on 25 May 1915, i.e. one day after the battles on the Isonzo Front began and after they transgressed the state border, the Italian command decided only a few days later to launch a mass attack on Mt. Mrzli vrh. The attack was a failure. Namely, the Italian hesitation enabled Austro-Hungary to strengthen its defence. The Austro-Hungarian reinforcements reached higher positions on Mt. Mrzli vrh only a few hours earlier than the Italian troops. During the first days of June steady Italian upward attacks and fierce encounters followed in which each of the two sides suffered heavy casualties. Mt. Mrzli vrh became an ominous name. The Italian army strived to conquer it by attacking it continuously, yet throughout all the twenty-nine months of the Isonzo Front it was unsuccessful. In 1915 the Italian commanders were determined to conquer these positions and the Tolmin bridgehead at any cost, therefore the casualties in either army in this year were almost as high as their yearly casualties in the following two years of the warfare. The casualties terribly demoralized the Italian soldiers and thwarted the ambitions of the commands. They realized that there was no use to shed blood on these steep slopes, since in the meantime the Austro-Hungarian army had already strongly fortified their positions. Hence, position war began, with minor attacks only, all until the 12th Isonzo battle.

Present situation: The area of Mt. Mrzli vrh is arranged as an outdoor museum. Te top of the mountain offers a beautiful view over the former battlefield of the Isonzo Front. The ridge is crisscrossed with numerous trenches and caves. In a small area, the remains of both the Austro-Hungarian and the Italian first line of defence can be seen. A guide is recommended for detailed information during the visit to the positions of the two belligerent sides, since access to numerous remains is difficult. Located along the path from Zatolmin towards the alp of Pretovč is a restored trough that was built already during the First World War. In one of the caves along the way from the alp of Pretovč to Mt. Mrzli vrh an altar is set up.

In charge of the reconstruction and maintenance of the outdoor museum at Mt. Mrzli vrh is the Društvo Peski 1915–1917 (Society Peski 1915–1917), in collaboration with the Ustanova »Fundacija Poti miru v Posočju« (»Walks of Peace in the Soča Region Foundation«).

 
 
   
             
   
     
 
  The making of the website was financially supported by the European Union. The Ustanova »Fundacija Poti miru v Posoeju« (»Walks of Peace in the Soea Region Foundation«) bears the sole responsibility for the contents of this document and it by no means can be treated as the official stance of the European Union.